2023년 6월 ~ 2023년 12월 사단법인 시민에서 수행한 연구 과제 <시민사회 유관 통계의 활용 및 개선방안 >에 연구원으로 참여했습니다. 보고서를 공유합니다. 사단법인 시민은 2022년 8월 30일 부터 2025년 8월 29일 까지 시민사회 및 공익활동 연구기관(국무총리비서실 지정)으로 시민사회 활성화와 공익활동 증진을 위한 연구를 진행하고 있습니다.
블루닷 연구원은 <3장 시민사회 제도· 거버넌스>를 작성했습니다. 시민사회 제도·거버넌스 환경의 개념과 영역을 정의하며 국내 시민사회 특성과 맥락을 고려하여 국제지표를 활용한 제도·거버넌스 환경 지표체계 제시를 목적으로 했습니다. 이를 위해, 우선 시민사회의 상태와 환경을 포괄적으로 평가하는 국제지수의 체계와 평가방법을 검토했습니다.
다음은 본 연구에서 살펴본 시민사회 활성화 관련 국제지표/지수 입니다.
- 시민사회지표 (Civil Society Index, CSI)
- 활성화환경지수 (Enabling Environment Index, EEI)
- 세계시민사회지표 (Global Civil Society Index, GCSI)
- 시민사회지속가능지표 (CSO Sustainability Index, CSOSI)
- 공익활동환경평가지수 (Doing-Good-Index)
- 세계나눔지수 (CAF World Giving Undex)
- 글로벌자선 환경지수 (Global Philanthropy Environment Index, GPEI)
이러한 국제지표에 자료원으로 사용할 수 있는 2차 자료(기존 생성 데이터)가 있습니다. 여기에는 V-Dem, EIU 민주주의 지수, 프리덤하우스, 국제투명성기구, 베르텔스만 변환 지수(BTI), 세계은행의 전세계 거버넌스 지표(WGI) 등이 있습니다.
제도·거버넌스 환경은 시민사회 영역에 영향을 주는 외부환경으로써 국가의 법과 정부의 정책적 노력에 따라 조성 할 수 있는 환경이라 할 수 있는데, 1차 외부환경(규제·억, 지원·혜택, 정책대화, 정보공개)과 2차 외부환경에서 민주사회를 위한 보편적 권리와 자유, 법치가 보장되는 사회정치적 환경의 차원이 포함됩니다. 자세한 내용은 보고서를 읽어보세요~
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💻 연구명 : 시민사회 유관 통계의 활용 및 개선방안
⏰ 연구기간 : 2023년 6월 ~ 2023년 12월
😀 연구진
- 김소연 연구책임 사단법인시민 연구위원
- 김선업 공동연구 전)고려대학교 사회조사센터장
- 고정근 공동연구 공익연구센터블루닷 대표
- 김승순 공동연구 사단법인시민 실장
- 강세진 공동연구 새로운사회를여는연구원 이사
📍 연구수행기관 : 사단법인 시민
🏢 주관기관 : 국무총리비서실(본 연구내용은 사단법인 시민의 연구결과이며, 국무총리비서실의 공식입장은 아닙니다)
📋 간략소개
이 연구는 국내 시민사회의 변화를 이해하고 정책을 수립하는데 필요한 통계자료가 부족하다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 이미 존재하는 조사통계와 행정자료의 활용성을 높이는 데 중점을 두고 진행된 연구의 세 가지 목적은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 국내 시민사회 지형을 이해하고 정책 수립에 도움이 되는 행정자료, 사회조사 자료 등을 수집한다.
둘째, 신뢰성, 접근성, 활용성 등의 관점에서 수집한 자료를 검토하여 가치를 높이는방안을 제시한다.
셋째, 연구 결과를 토대로 시민사회 통계구축의 방향과 정책과제를 제시한다.
연구에서 다루는 시민사회 유관 통계의 범위는 국내 시민사회활성화정책의 범주와 연동시켜 ‘시민인식과 시민참여’, ‘제도·거버넌스환경’, ‘시민사회조직현황’, ‘시민사회 일자리기여’의 4개 분야로 설정하였다.
📑 목차
01. 연구개요
1. 연구 배경과 목적 ····················································· 2
2. 시민사회 유관 통계의 범위 ············································ 6
3. 연구의 주요 내용과 방법 ·············································· 14
02. 시민의식과 시민참여
1. 연구목적과 연구내용 ················································· 19
2. 이론적 논의와 관련 통계 ·············································· 21
3. 영역별 분석 ························································· 29
1) 분석 대상 영역과 통계 ·············································· 29
2) 신뢰 ······························································· 29
3) 이타주의와 관용 ···················································· 35
4) 시민의무 ·························································· 37
5) 기부와 자원봉사활동 ··············································· 38
6) 사회단체참여 ······················································ 51
7) 정치참여 : 비선거 정치참여··········································· 55
8) 영역별 분석 결과 정리 ··············································· 56
4. 종합평가와 제언 ····················································· 59
03. 시민사회 제도·거버넌스
1. 연구목적 및 방법 ····················································· 64
2. 시민사회 상태·활성화 환경 국제 지수···································· 65
1) 시민사회지수(CSI) ·················································· 65
2) 시민사회 활성화 환경지수(Enabling Environment Index, EEI) ········· 77
3) OECD 시민공간(Civic Space) ······································· 85
4) 공익활동 환경평가지수(Doing-Good-Index) ························· 86
5) 글로벌 자선 환경 지수(GPEI) ········································· 88
3. 제도·거버넌스환경 지표체계 ··········································· 90
1) 시민사회 상태·활성화 환경 지표의 구성요소····························· 90
2) 지수(지표) 개발 프로세스············································· 91
3) 제도·거버넌스 환경의 지표체계 ······································· 95
4. 제언 ································································· 95
04. 시민사회조직 현황
1. 시민사회조직의 선행논의와 쟁점 ········································ 97
1) 선행논의와 국내 법제도 ··············································· 97
2) 범위와 관련한 주요 쟁점 ············································· 106
2. 자료 현황 및 분석 ····················································· 110
1) 조직 범위와 자료 현황 ················································ 110
2) 시민사회조직 통계구축 방안 ·········································· 127
3. 소결 ································································· 133
05. 시민사회의 일자리 기여
1. 일자리의 개념 ························································ 138
2. 일자리 관련통계 현황 ················································· 140
3. 시민사회 일자리 측정 가능성 ··········································· 154
1) 시민사회의 산업분류 ················································ 154
2) 시민사회 영역별 일자리 집계 가능성 ··································· 155
3) 일자리 관련통계 개선 제안 ··········································· 159
4. 소결································································· 163
06. 시민사회 통계구축 선행사례
1. 한국민간단체총람 발간 (1997~2012)································· 166
2. 한국시민사회단체 기초통계 구축 (2013~2015) ························ 167
3. 비영리부문 위성계정 작성 및 고용추계 (2003~2020) ··················· 169
4. 시민행동지수개발·DB구축사업 (2015~2016) ························· 172
5. 비영리분야 국가통계 생산체계 구축사업 (2019-2021)·················· 175
6. 선행사례 요약 및 정책적 함의 ········································· 180
07. 정책 제언
1. 근거와 소통에 기반한 시민사회 정책으로의 전환 ························ 185
2. 제도와 전담 기구의 필요 ············································· 186
3. 시민사회 데이터 거버넌스의 구축 ····································· 189
4. 중단기 정책과제 ···················································· 189
1) 기존 통계조사 · 공표상의 개선 과제 ································· 189
2) 시민사회 통계자료의 가시성, 활용성 제고 방안 ······················· 191
3) 비영리분야 국가통계 구축사업의 점검 및 이행 ························ 191
4) "시민사회 활성화" 지표 체계의 수립 ································· 194
￭ 참고문헌
￭ 부록
2023년 6월 ~ 2023년 12월 사단법인 시민에서 수행한 연구 과제 <시민사회 유관 통계의 활용 및 개선방안 >에 연구원으로 참여했습니다. 보고서를 공유합니다. 사단법인 시민은 2022년 8월 30일 부터 2025년 8월 29일 까지 시민사회 및 공익활동 연구기관(국무총리비서실 지정)으로 시민사회 활성화와 공익활동 증진을 위한 연구를 진행하고 있습니다.
블루닷 연구원은 <3장 시민사회 제도· 거버넌스>를 작성했습니다. 시민사회 제도·거버넌스 환경의 개념과 영역을 정의하며 국내 시민사회 특성과 맥락을 고려하여 국제지표를 활용한 제도·거버넌스 환경 지표체계 제시를 목적으로 했습니다. 이를 위해, 우선 시민사회의 상태와 환경을 포괄적으로 평가하는 국제지수의 체계와 평가방법을 검토했습니다.
다음은 본 연구에서 살펴본 시민사회 활성화 관련 국제지표/지수 입니다.
이러한 국제지표에 자료원으로 사용할 수 있는 2차 자료(기존 생성 데이터)가 있습니다. 여기에는 V-Dem, EIU 민주주의 지수, 프리덤하우스, 국제투명성기구, 베르텔스만 변환 지수(BTI), 세계은행의 전세계 거버넌스 지표(WGI) 등이 있습니다.
제도·거버넌스 환경은 시민사회 영역에 영향을 주는 외부환경으로써 국가의 법과 정부의 정책적 노력에 따라 조성 할 수 있는 환경이라 할 수 있는데, 1차 외부환경(규제·억, 지원·혜택, 정책대화, 정보공개)과 2차 외부환경에서 민주사회를 위한 보편적 권리와 자유, 법치가 보장되는 사회정치적 환경의 차원이 포함됩니다. 자세한 내용은 보고서를 읽어보세요~
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💻 연구명 : 시민사회 유관 통계의 활용 및 개선방안
⏰ 연구기간 : 2023년 6월 ~ 2023년 12월
😀 연구진
📍 연구수행기관 : 사단법인 시민
🏢 주관기관 : 국무총리비서실(본 연구내용은 사단법인 시민의 연구결과이며, 국무총리비서실의 공식입장은 아닙니다)
📋 간략소개
이 연구는 국내 시민사회의 변화를 이해하고 정책을 수립하는데 필요한 통계자료가 부족하다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 이미 존재하는 조사통계와 행정자료의 활용성을 높이는 데 중점을 두고 진행된 연구의 세 가지 목적은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 국내 시민사회 지형을 이해하고 정책 수립에 도움이 되는 행정자료, 사회조사 자료 등을 수집한다.
둘째, 신뢰성, 접근성, 활용성 등의 관점에서 수집한 자료를 검토하여 가치를 높이는방안을 제시한다.
셋째, 연구 결과를 토대로 시민사회 통계구축의 방향과 정책과제를 제시한다.
연구에서 다루는 시민사회 유관 통계의 범위는 국내 시민사회활성화정책의 범주와 연동시켜 ‘시민인식과 시민참여’, ‘제도·거버넌스환경’, ‘시민사회조직현황’, ‘시민사회 일자리기여’의 4개 분야로 설정하였다.
📑 목차
01. 연구개요
1. 연구 배경과 목적 ····················································· 2
2. 시민사회 유관 통계의 범위 ············································ 6
3. 연구의 주요 내용과 방법 ·············································· 14
02. 시민의식과 시민참여
1. 연구목적과 연구내용 ················································· 19
2. 이론적 논의와 관련 통계 ·············································· 21
3. 영역별 분석 ························································· 29
1) 분석 대상 영역과 통계 ·············································· 29
2) 신뢰 ······························································· 29
3) 이타주의와 관용 ···················································· 35
4) 시민의무 ·························································· 37
5) 기부와 자원봉사활동 ··············································· 38
6) 사회단체참여 ······················································ 51
7) 정치참여 : 비선거 정치참여··········································· 55
8) 영역별 분석 결과 정리 ··············································· 56
4. 종합평가와 제언 ····················································· 59
03. 시민사회 제도·거버넌스
1. 연구목적 및 방법 ····················································· 64
2. 시민사회 상태·활성화 환경 국제 지수···································· 65
1) 시민사회지수(CSI) ·················································· 65
2) 시민사회 활성화 환경지수(Enabling Environment Index, EEI) ········· 77
3) OECD 시민공간(Civic Space) ······································· 85
4) 공익활동 환경평가지수(Doing-Good-Index) ························· 86
5) 글로벌 자선 환경 지수(GPEI) ········································· 88
3. 제도·거버넌스환경 지표체계 ··········································· 90
1) 시민사회 상태·활성화 환경 지표의 구성요소····························· 90
2) 지수(지표) 개발 프로세스············································· 91
3) 제도·거버넌스 환경의 지표체계 ······································· 95
4. 제언 ································································· 95
04. 시민사회조직 현황
1. 시민사회조직의 선행논의와 쟁점 ········································ 97
1) 선행논의와 국내 법제도 ··············································· 97
2) 범위와 관련한 주요 쟁점 ············································· 106
2. 자료 현황 및 분석 ····················································· 110
1) 조직 범위와 자료 현황 ················································ 110
2) 시민사회조직 통계구축 방안 ·········································· 127
3. 소결 ································································· 133
05. 시민사회의 일자리 기여
1. 일자리의 개념 ························································ 138
2. 일자리 관련통계 현황 ················································· 140
3. 시민사회 일자리 측정 가능성 ··········································· 154
1) 시민사회의 산업분류 ················································ 154
2) 시민사회 영역별 일자리 집계 가능성 ··································· 155
3) 일자리 관련통계 개선 제안 ··········································· 159
4. 소결································································· 163
06. 시민사회 통계구축 선행사례
1. 한국민간단체총람 발간 (1997~2012)································· 166
2. 한국시민사회단체 기초통계 구축 (2013~2015) ························ 167
3. 비영리부문 위성계정 작성 및 고용추계 (2003~2020) ··················· 169
4. 시민행동지수개발·DB구축사업 (2015~2016) ························· 172
5. 비영리분야 국가통계 생산체계 구축사업 (2019-2021)·················· 175
6. 선행사례 요약 및 정책적 함의 ········································· 180
07. 정책 제언
1. 근거와 소통에 기반한 시민사회 정책으로의 전환 ························ 185
2. 제도와 전담 기구의 필요 ············································· 186
3. 시민사회 데이터 거버넌스의 구축 ····································· 189
4. 중단기 정책과제 ···················································· 189
1) 기존 통계조사 · 공표상의 개선 과제 ································· 189
2) 시민사회 통계자료의 가시성, 활용성 제고 방안 ······················· 191
3) 비영리분야 국가통계 구축사업의 점검 및 이행 ························ 191
4) "시민사회 활성화" 지표 체계의 수립 ································· 194
￭ 참고문헌
￭ 부록